![]() That narrow depth of field, when used on a large sweeping vista, makes us perceive the the whole scene as existing at a small scale. Notice how only a portion of the lower third of the frame is in focus, around where the helicopter and person are positioned. To help illustrate this illusion, let's look at a still image from Keith Loutit's hit video Bathtub IV: With time, your brain is trained to associate depth of field with an objects' distance. It's akin to watching a trail of ants- only a portion of your field of view will be in focus. This makes us perceive the subject matter as being minuscule. Namely, only a small zone of the whole video frame is in focus. Keep in mind that almost every tilt-shift video has a narrow depth of field. What does all this crazy science mean? It explains why tilt-shift videos make large objects like vehicles, trees, and even people appear miniature-like. ![]() (This is known as a narrow or shallow depth of field!) Over time, your brain learns to use depth of field as a visual cue that indicates an objects' distance. Conversely, when your eyes focus on a nearby object, only that object will appear in focus while everything else in your frame of view will be blurry. For example, a scenic hillside view will appear to have a large depth of field, meaning most everything in the field of view appears in focus. Without getting too complicated, the physics of light and the mechanics of the human eye result in certain patterns in our everyday visual perception. Now, you may be wondering, just how did Sam manage to shrink down all those big construction machines, boats and helicopters? Well, he didn't! It's a perceptual illusion caused by the tilt-shift effect. You know those videos where people look like miniature toys, running around at hyper speed? That's a quintessential tilt-shift effect video! For a classic example, check out The Sandpit by Sam O'Hare: One of the biggest trends in video right now is the tilt-shift effect. The following lesson was created by Vimeo for its Vimeo Video School. Learn to Create a Tilt-Shift Effect in Your Videos: Video 101
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